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Vaccines

Periodic Graphics

Periodic Graphics: How are RNA vaccines made?

Chemical educator and Compound Interest blogger Andy Brunning outlines how companies make these COVID-19 vaccines

by Andy Brunning, special to C&EN
January 3, 2021 | A version of this story appeared in Volume 99, Issue 1
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C&EN has made this story and all of its coverage of the coronavirus epidemic freely available during the outbreak to keep the public informed. To support us:
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An infographic shows how RNA-based vaccines are made.

To download a pdf of this article, visit http://cenm.ag/rnavax.

References used to create this graphic:

Boo, Sung Ho, and Yoon Ki Kim. “The Emerging Role of RNA Modifications in the Regulation of mRNA Stability.” Exp. Mol. Med. (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0407-z.

Pardi, Norbert, Michael J. Hogan, Rebecca S. Pelc, Hiromi Muramatsu, Hanne Andersen, Christina R. DeMaso, Kimberly A. Dowd, et al. “Zika Virus Protection by a Single Low-Dose Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccination.” Nature (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nature21428.

Smith, Jesse. “Decoding Moderna’s Covid-19 Vaccine Ingredients.” Medium Coronavirus Blog, Medium, Dec. 4, 2020. https://coronavirus.medium.com/decoding-modernas-covid-19-vaccine-ingredients-23ea87c5f234 .

Steinle, Heidrun, Andreas Behring, Christian Schlensak, Hans Peter Wendel, and Meltem Avci‐Adali. “Concise Review: Application of In Vitro Transcribed Messenger RNA for Cellular Engineering and Reprogramming: Progress and Challenges.” Stem Cells (2016). DOI:10.1002/stem.2402.

A collaboration between C&EN and Andy Brunning, author of the popular graphics blog Compound Interest

To see more of Brunning’s work, go to compoundchem.com. To see all of C&EN’s Periodic Graphics, visit http://cenm.ag/periodicgraphics.

 

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