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Green Chemistry
C&EN 中文版
无氨条件下进行伯奇还原反应
冠醚简化了经典反应的设置
by 作者：Tien Nguyen
June 17, 2018
| A version of this story appeared in
Volume 96, Issue 25
新的伯奇反应条件还原芳族、杂芳族、烯基和炔基化合物。
为了破坏化合物的芳香性，化学家们通常依赖问世已有74年的伯奇还原反应，该反应使用钠金属和氨。然而，这些成分的湿度敏感性要求从业人员使用潜在危险的氨气罐蒸馏出新鲜的试剂，使反应过程中的工作变得繁琐。中国农业大学安杰的实验室开发出了一种改良的伯奇还原反应，可以让科学家们免去辛苦的设置工作（Org. Lett.2018，DOI：DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00891）。这些研究人员最初尝试伯奇反应时，试图将石墨还原成石墨烯，结果花了很长的时间来设置实验， 还遭遇了少量的氨气泄漏（很可能仍然难闻），这促使他们尝试简化反应设置。新方法用商业冠醚15-冠-5代替氨，反应后可回收。冠醚在大多情况下起着氨的作用；它与稳定的钠分散液混合形成溶剂化电子，从而减少底物并赋予反应其特有的蓝色色调。在标准伯奇条件下，叔酰胺通常会被转化为醇，但是在该团队的改良后的反应中，叔酰胺却未发生变化，表明冠醚试剂改变了从内层电子转移变为外层电子的转移机制。
Chemical & Engineering News
ISSN 0009-2347
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