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The insecticide sulfoxaflor, which is less toxic than organophosphates and neonicotinoids, is likely to harm about one-third of species listed as endangered or threatened in the US, according to a draft biological evaluation released July 19 by the Environmental Protection Agency. The agency predicts that mitigation measures will protect most of those species, however.
The EPA is working with Corteva Agriscience, which makes sulfoxaflor, to determine what additional actions are needed to protect all endangered species. Measures could include requiring buffers, limiting use in certain areas, and reducing pesticide drift, the EPA says.
Sulfoxaflor acts on the same receptor as neonicotinoids, which are under scrutiny for harming bees. But it has a different mode of action. The EPA removed sulfoxaflor from the market in 2015 because of concerns about risks to bees. It allowed a few restricted uses in 2016. But in 2019, under the administration of Donald J. Trump, the EPA removed those restrictions and allowed new uses.
Environmental groups, which sued the EPA over its 2019 decision, are not surprised by the new evaluation. “This disturbing but very predictable finding shoots gaping holes in the myth promoted by the EPA and pesticide industry that new pesticides like sulfoxaflor are safe,” Stephanie Parent, a senior attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity, one of the plaintiffs in the case, says in a statement. A ruling in the case is expected soon.
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